“COMMENSALISM” на українській мові

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This is typical commensalism : birds benefit from the activities of elephants but do not affect the huge mammals in any way.

The beater syndrome is a form of commensalism - the unilateral transfer of benefits from one species to another at little or no cost to the benefactor.

This can be interpreted as a clear example of commensalism similar to many shrub-understorey experiments.

There are numerous other examples of symbiosis, mutualism, commensalism and parasitism between ray-finned fishes and other groups.